DWY4YU8dwpNjzdlShgDPlGEMGiiZlYit8ufkzM3z
Bookmark
내부링크 위젯

Study smart, speak real,explore Korea.

Pick your level or browse the latest posts—TOPIK study, everyday phrases, culture insights, and real-life tips in Korea.

🗣️ Sentence-final Endings in Korean: -지, -잖아, -거든

Korean sentence endings shape tone and relationship. Master -지 (soft check), -잖아 (reminding), and -거든 (background/reason) with polite forms, culture notes (눈치·체면·정), common mistakes, mini dialogues, practice, and a bilingual FAQ.

🎯 Conversational Sentence Endings: -지, -잖아, -거든 (2025 Refresh)

In Korean, sentence endings do more than finish a clause—they steer tone, stance, and relationship. Here’s how to use -지, -잖아, and -거든 naturally in everyday talk, with polite forms, culture tips, and quick fixes.

한국어 문말어미는 말투를 바꾸는 핵심 도구예요. -지, -잖아, -거든을 상황에 맞게 고르면, 듣는 사람이 느끼는 분위기가 달라집니다.

📑 Table of Contents (tap)
  1. -지 — soft confirmation / gentle nudge
  2. -잖아 — reminding / pointing out
  3. -거든 — background / reason
  4. Quick comparison
  5. Mini dialogues (real tone)
  6. Quick practice
  7. Common mistakes & fixes (Wrong → Fix)
  8. Culture: “soft” over “strong” (EN·KR)
  9. FAQ (EN Q · EN+KR A)
  10. Related posts (live permalinks)
  11. About the author · 1:1 lesson

1) -지 — soft confirmation / gentle nudge

  • Meaning: light check of shared knowledge (“right?”, “you know?”)
  • Tone: friendly; often a rising intonation
  • Polite: -지요 / -죠 (safe with seniors; softer than plain -지)
KoreanRREnglish
재미있지?jae-mi-it-ji?It’s fun, right?
너도 알지?neo-do al-ji?You know it too, right?
오늘 시험 있는 거 알지?o-neul si-heom it-neun geo al-ji?You know we have a test today, right?
이 길이 더 빠르.i gil-i deo ppa-reu-jyo.This route is faster, you know.

2) -잖아 — reminding / pointing out

  • Meaning: reminds the listener of known info; lightly corrects
  • Tone tip: can sound scolding if sharp → soften with -잖아요 or lead-ins (있잖아…, 근데…)
KoreanRREnglish
내가 어제 말했잖아.nae-ga eo-je mal-haet-ja-na.I told you yesterday.
우리 이미 봤잖아.u-ri i-mi bwat-ja-na.We already saw it.
시간 없다고 했잖아요.si-gan eop-tta-go haet-ja-na-yo.You know I said I don’t have time.

3) -거든 — background / reason

  • Meaning: gives background or reason—often implies a result (“…so”)
  • Pattern: A-거든(요), 그래서/그러니까 B
  • Polite: -거든요 (natural in replies/explanations; harmony-focused)
KoreanRREnglish
나 지금 바쁘거든(요).na ji-geum ba-ppeu-geo-deun(yo).I’m busy now (so I can’t).
그분 오늘 못 와, 아프거든.geu-bun o-neul mot wa, a-peu-geo-deun.He can’t come—he’s sick.
내일 시험이 있거든요, 그래서 일찍 가요.nae-il si-heom-i it-geo-deun-yo, geu-rae-seo il-jjik ga-yo.I have an exam tomorrow, so I’ll leave early.

4) Quick comparison

EndingFunctionTypical tonePoliteOften with
-지agree / checkrising, light-지요/-죠알지?, 그렇지?
-잖아remind / point outcan sound scolding-잖아요있잖아…, 근데…
-거든reason / backgroundmatter-of-fact-거든요그래서/그러니까

5) Mini dialogues (real tone)

A: 오늘 끝나고 영화 볼래?

B: 재밌? 근데 나 내일 발표 있거든, 그래서 오늘은 힘들어.

A: 아 맞다, 네가 어제 말했잖아. 다음 주에 보자!


A: Coffee later?

B: You like that new place, right? I can’t today—I’ve got a deadline (-거든요). Tomorrow?

6) Quick practice

  1. Turn this into a soft check: “It’s cold.” → 춥___?
  2. Remind your friend you already paid. → 나 이미 돈 냈___.
  3. Reason + result: “I’m meeting my boss, so I can’t.” → 오늘 상사 만나는 중이___, 그래서 못 가.
Answers: 1) 춥? · 2) 냈잖아. · 3) 중이거든, 그래서…

7) Common mistakes & fixes (Wrong → Fix)

❌ Wrong Why it’s off ✅ Fix (better)
이 보고서 괜찮지? (to your boss) Plain -지 is too casual for seniors. 이 보고서 괜찮? / 괜찮습니까?
시간 없다고 했잖아! (sharp tone) -잖아 can sound scolding. 시간 없다고 했잖아요. / 있잖아, 오늘은 시간이 없어서…
내일 마감이잖아. (first time mentioning it) Listener doesn’t know yet; feels accusatory. 내일 마감이거든요, 그래서 오늘은 어렵습니다.
나 바쁘거든. (ends without result) -거든 implies a result/so-what. 나 바쁘거든, 그래서 오늘은 못 가.
맞지잖아. (stacked endings) Two endings clash; sounds odd. 맞지? or 맞잖아. (pick one)
안 춥지? (to senior; expectation unclear) Negative check can confuse politeness/intent. 안 춥? / 추우세요? (neutral question)
제출이 늦어지거든요. (formal email) Conversational ending in formal writing. 제출이 늦어질 수 있습니다. / …때문입니다.
오늘 시험 있지. (flat/low intonation) Sounds blunt; intent unclear. 오늘 시험 있지? (light rising tone) / ?

8) Culture: Why Koreans prefer “soft” over “strong” (EN · KR)

EN (big idea): In community-oriented contexts, Korean speakers often present background first and invite agreement rather than push a point. This lets the listener keep face and choose a harmonious next step.

  1. Read the room (nunchi, 눈치): Adjust timing, tone, and how much you say.
  2. Protect face (체면): Avoid direct blame so relationships stay intact.
  3. Preserve bonds (): Use gentle phrasing to maintain closeness.

Because of this, softening strategies are common: ~거든요, -는데요, -긴 한데, -(으)ㄹ 것 같아요.

KR (쉽게): 한국에서는 관계와 조화가 중요해요. 그래서 말을 세게 밀기보다 이유(배경)을 먼저 말해요. 듣는 사람이 기분 상하지 않고, 스스로 동의하거나 조정할 수 있게 도와주는 방식이에요.

  • 눈치: 타이밍·톤·말 길이를 상황에 맞게 조절
  • 체면: 직접 반박/비난을 줄여 관계 지키기
  • 정: 따뜻한 유대를 유지하려는 마음

그래서 ~거든요, -는데요, -긴 한데, -(으)ㄹ 것 같아요 같은 완곡 표현을 자주 써요.

9) FAQ — -지 / -잖아 / -거든 정확히 이해하기

Q1. Is -지 always a question?
A (EN): Often yes (soft check), but it can also sound like a friendly confirmation.
A (KR): 보통 가벼운 확인 질문이지만, 친근한 확인 진술처럼 들릴 때도 있어요.

Q2. Why does -잖아 feel scolding sometimes?
A (EN): It reminds the listener of “what we already know,” so a sharp tone can feel blaming. Use -잖아요 or add lead-ins to soften.
A (KR): 서로 이미 아는 사실을 상기시키는 말이라 톤이 날카로우면 책망처럼 들려요. -잖아요로 바꾸거나 서두를 붙여 부드럽게 하세요.

Q3. Can -거든 end the sentence by itself?
A (EN): Yes, but it usually implies a result (“…so”). For clarity, add 그래서/그러니까 + result.
A (KR): 가능해요. 다만 보통 결과가 암시되므로 그래서/그러니까결과를 덧붙이면 더 명확해요.

Q4. What are safe polite choices with seniors?
A (EN): Use -지요/-죠 (soft), -잖아요 (gentler), and -거든요 (matter-of-fact background).
A (KR): -지요/-죠는 부드럽고, -잖아요는 완곡하며, -거든요는 담담하게 배경을 전해요.

Q5. When should I avoid softening and be direct?
A (EN): For safety/urgent instructions or unambiguous decisions, be direct instead of using soft endings.
A (KR): 안전·긴급 지시나 명확한 결정이 필요할 때는 완곡형보다 직접형이 좋아요.

Q6. Can I mix these endings?
A (EN): Don’t stack them (e.g., “맞지잖아”). Choose the one that fits your purpose and tone.
A (KR): 겹쳐 쓰지 마세요(예: 맞지잖아 X). 상황과 의도에 맞는 하나를 고르세요.

About the author

I’m the teacher behind learningkr.com. I help learners sound natural in real Korean—tone, honorifics, and endings like -지/-잖아/-거든—with usage-first guides and practical drills.

저는 learningkr.com을 운영하는 한국어 선생님입니다. 실제 대화에서 바로 쓰는 말투·호칭·문말어미를 중심으로, 영문·국문 병기 가이드를 제공합니다.

Practice with me

Want real-time feedback on your endings and tone? Bring 3 chat screenshots (sanitized) and we’ll rewrite them together—casual → polite, blunt → natural.

Book a 1:1 italki lesson →

Post a Comment
Feel free to ask me all! Not only scam! :)