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How to Use -아/어야 해요 | Intermediate Korean (TOPIK 3–4) Do you know how to say “I have to…” in Korean? This lesson will teach you how to use -아/어야 해요 , a key grammar pattern to express obligations or things you must do in everyday situations—perfect for intermediate learners aiming for natural Korean conversations. 📚 Table of Contents Meaning of -아/어야 해요 How to Form -아/어야 해요 When to Use It Example Sentences Practice Dialogue Did You Know? Final Thoughts 💡 Meaning of -아/어야 해요 -아/어야 해요 is used to express necessity or obligation , similar to “must” or “have to” in English. Example: 숙제를 해야 해요. – I have to do homework. 🛠 How to Form -아/어야 해요 If the verb stem has ㅏ or ㅗ → add -아야 해요 가다 → 가야 해요 (must go) If the verb stem has other vowels → add -어야 해요 먹다 → 먹어야 해요 (must eat) For 하다 verbs → add -해야 해요 공부하다 → 공부해야 해요 (must study) Tip: In casual speech, “해요” can change to “돼요” (e.g., 해야 돼요) and still means “must.” ...

Confused between 은/는 and 이/가? You're not alone! Let's break down the difference and learn how to use them with confidence. 🎯 🎯 What Are Korean Particles? 📌 When to Use 은/는 🔎 When to Use 이/가 📊 은/는 vs 이/가 Comparison 🗣 Example Sentences 🎭 Practice Dialogue 💡 Did You Know? 💬 Final Thoughts 🔗 Related Posts 🎯 What Are Korean Particles? In Korean, particles are added to nouns to show the **role of the word** in the sentence. 은/는 and 이/가 are the most basic and important particles to learn first. 📌 When to Use 은/는 Use 은/는 to show the **topic** of a sentence or to **contrast** things. It gives background or sets the stage. 저는 학생이에요. jeoneun haksaeng-ieyo As for me, I am a student. 이것은 책이에요. igeoseun chaek-ieyo This (one) is a book. Tip: 은 is used after consonants, 는 after vowels. 🔎 When to Use 이/가 Use 이/가 to show the **subject** of a sentence or to introduce **new information**. It ans...

Master how to describe ongoing actions in Korean using -고 있다. Perfect for intermediate learners preparing for TOPIK 3–4! 🟠 Introduction 📝 Key Korean Expressions 📚 Grammar Explanation 💬 Practice Sentences 🧠 Did You Know? 💡 Final Thoughts 🟠 Introduction Have you ever wanted to say "I'm studying" or "She's eating" in Korean? The present progressive form -고 있다 allows you to describe what someone is doing at the moment. In this lesson, we'll explore how to use this structure naturally in conversation. 📝 Key Korean Expressions 공부하고 있어요 (Gongbuhago isseoyo) – I am studying 먹고 있어요 (Meokgo isseoyo) – I am eating 운동하고 있어요 (Undonghago isseoyo) – I am exercising 일하고 있어요 (Ilhago isseoyo) – I am working 자고 있어요 (Jago isseoyo) – I am sleeping 📚 Grammar Explanation The present progressive form in Korean is created by adding -고 있다 to the verb stem. It shows that an action is currently in progress. Structure: ...

  🕐 Expressing 'Before/After' Actions in Korean: -기 전에 / -고 나서 In Korean, expressing the order of actions—what happens before or after —is essential for everyday conversation. You’ll often hear expressions using -기 전에 (before doing...) and -고 나서 (after doing...). Let’s break down how to use them properly with examples and practice expressions! 📚 Table of Contents 1. How to Use -기 전에 2. How to Use -고 나서 3. Difference in Nuance 4. Practice Expressions 5. Did You Know? 6. Learn with Me on italki 1. How to Use -기 전에 (Before Doing) This is used to express that one action happens before another. Attach -기 to the verb stem, then add 전에 . 학교에 가기 전에 아침을 먹었어요. Hakgyoe gagi jeone achimeul meogeosseoyo. I ate breakfast before going to school. 자기 전에 책을 읽어요. Jagi jeone chaegeul ilgeoyo. I read a book before sleeping. 2. How to Use -고 나서 (After Doing) This is used after the past tense of a verb ...