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🧩 Expressing "Because" in Korean: -아서/어서 vs. 때문에

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🧩 Expressing “Because” in Korean — -아서/어서 vs. 때문에

Saying “because” seems simple—until you choose -아서/어서 or 때문에 and the tone changes. This guide gives you quick rules, safe examples, and mini drills so you can explain reasons clearly (without sounding blunt).
“-아서/어서”와 “때문에”의 뉘앙스 차이를 쉽게 정리했습니다. 예문과 퀴즈로 바로 연습하세요.

▸ Open Contents (Overview • -아서/어서 • 때문에 • Compare • Dialogue • Drills • Tips • FAQ)

Quick Overview choose fast

  • -아서/어서: connect reason (verb/adj) → result. Spoken, natural. 배가 아파서 못 갔어요.
  • N + 때문에: “because of (noun)”. More neutral/formal. 비 때문에 늦었어요.
  • -기 때문에: verb nominalization. Formal/explanatory. 피곤했기 때문에 일찍 잤어요.

Rule-of-thumb: quick spoken cause → -아서/어서. Written or noun cause → 때문에.

-아서/어서 — Reason → Result (verb/adj)

Form: V/Adj + 아서/어서 (ㅏ/ㅗ → 아서, others → 어서)

Examples

  • 배가 아파서 병원에 갔어요. — I went to the hospital because my stomach hurt.
  • 일이 많아서 못 갔어요. — I couldn’t go because I had a lot of work.
  • 시간이 없어서 택시를 탔어요. — I took a taxi because I didn’t have time.

Note: Avoid commands/proposals with -아서/어서 (sounds unnatural). Prefer 그러니까/그래서 or rephrase.

때문에 / -기 때문에 — “Because of” (noun / nominalized verb)

Forms: N + 때문에 · V-기 때문에

Examples

  • 비 때문에 늦었어요. — I was late because of the rain.
  • 시험이 있기 때문에 도서관에 가요. — I go to the library because I have an exam.
  • 피곤했기 때문에 일찍 잤어요. — I went to bed early because I was tired.

Tone: works well in explanations, reports, and careful speech.

Comparison Table

PatternUse with…StyleExampleNotes
-아서/어서 verbs/adjectives spoken, natural 길이 막혀서 늦었어요. avoid with commands/proposals
N + 때문에 nouns neutral → formal 회의 때문에 바빴어요. watch blame tone (e.g., 너 때문에)
V-기 때문에 verbs (nominalized) formal/explanatory 시간이 없기 때문에 못 가요. good in writing/presentations

💬 Practice Dialogue

A: 왜 택시 탔어요? (Why did you take a taxi?)
B: 비가 와서 지하철이 지연됐어요. (Because it rained, the subway was delayed.)
A: 그럼 회의는? (Then the meeting?)
B: 중요한 발표가 있기 때문에 먼저 도착해야 했어요. (Because I had an important presentation, I had to arrive early.)

📝 Mini Drills 1-minute practice

  1. Fill in: 숙제가 많__ 파티에 못 갔어요. (→ 아서/어서)
  2. Change to N + 때문에: 피곤해서 집에 있었어요.
  3. Translate: “Because of traffic, I was late.”
Show answers

1) 숙제가 많아서 파티에 못 갔어요.
2) 피곤한 것 때문에 집에 있었어요. / 피곤함 때문에…
3) 교통 때문에 늦었어요.

👩‍🏫 Teacher’s Tips — use reasons politely

Micro-habit your reasons (James Clear): After writing any sentence, ask: “Could this be -아서/어서 or 때문에?” Do a 10-second swap test.
문장을 쓴 뒤 10초만 “-아서/어서 vs 때문에”를 바꿔 보는 습관을 들이세요.

Soft framing (Joe Vitale): Avoid blame-y 너 때문에…. Try neutral subjects: 일정 때문에/상황 때문에…
상대 비난 느낌을 줄이고 중립 표현을 쓰면 관계가 부드러워집니다.

Hook-Story-Offer (Russell Brunson): Start with a quick “Hook reason” (비가 와서…), tell the short “Story” (what happened), then “Offer” the action (그래서 택시 탔어요).

Reduce friction (배 작가): Keep a mini card with 5 safe reasons you use weekly (시간이 없어서…/ 일정 때문에…) and recycle.

❓ FAQ

Can I use -아서/어서 with commands?
Generally avoid it; use 그러니까/그래서 to lead into a request.
명령/제안과는 보통 어울리지 않습니다. 그러니까/그래서로 바꾸세요.

Is “너 때문에” rude?
It can sound blaming. Prefer neutral subjects like 상황/일정/날씨 때문에.
너 때문에는 공격적으로 들릴 수 있어요. 중립 표현을 쓰세요.

Difference from “그래서 (so)”?
그래서 links result; -아서/어서/때문에 encodes the reason itself.
그래서는 결과 연결, -아서/어서/때문에는 이유를 문법적으로 표시합니다.

📚 Keep Learning

👋 Practice with me: 15-minute cause→result role-play + feedback. Trial on italki → teacher/7916559

We’ll rewrite your real emails/chats to sound natural and respectful.

Tags: Korean because, -아서/어서, 때문에, Korean grammar intermediate, natural Korean reasons

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