🟠 Advanced Grammar: -도록, -게 하다 – Intermediate Level (TOPIK 3–4)
Are you ready to express **causation** and **purpose** in Korean at an intermediate level? In this post, we will explore two essential grammar points: –도록 and –게 하다, with detailed explanations and practical examples.
🎯 How to Use -도록
The expression –도록 is used to indicate purpose, result, or extent. It's often translated as "so that," "in order to," or "until."
- 늦지 않도록 일찍 출발했어요.
Neutji anh-dorok iljjik chulbalhaesseoyo.
I left early so that I wouldn't be late. - 감기에 걸리지 않도록 옷을 따뜻하게 입으세요.
Gamgie geolliji anh-dorok oseul ttatteut-hage ibeuseyo.
Wear warm clothes so you don't catch a cold. - 모두 이해하도록 설명해 주세요.
Modu ihae-hadorok seolmyeonghae juseyo.
Please explain so that everyone can understand.
🛠 How to Use -게 하다
The expression –게 하다 is used to indicate that **someone makes another person do something**. It implies a sense of causing or allowing an action to happen.
- 엄마가 동생을 울게 했어요.
Eommaga dongsaeng-eul ulge haesseoyo.
Mom made my younger sibling cry. - 선생님이 학생들에게 많이 읽게 했어요.
Seonsaengnimi haksaeng-deurege mani ilgge haesseoyo.
The teacher made the students read a lot. - 그 뉴스는 저를 슬프게 했어요.
Geu nyuseuneun jeo-reul seulpeuge haesseoyo.
That news made me sad.
🗣 Practice Dialogue
A: 왜 그렇게 일찍 출발했어요?
A: Wae geureoke iljjik chulbalhaesseoyo?
A: Why did you leave so early?
B: 늦지 않도록 하려고요.
B: Neutji anh-dorok haryeogoyo.
B: So that I wouldn't be late.
A: 선생님이 숙제를 많이 하게 했어요?
A: Seonsaengnimi sukjereul mani hage haesseoyo?
A: Did the teacher make you do a lot of homework?
B: 네, 저를 열심히 공부하게 하셨어요.
B: Ne, jeo-reul yeolsimhi gongbu-hage hasyeosseoyo.
B: Yes, she made me study hard.
🧠 Did You Know?
South Korea ranks 4th in the world for average daily study time among high school students, with many spending over 12 hours a day in school and private academies. This intense environment leads to widespread use of expressions like "공부하게 하다" (make someone study) in daily life!
📚 Summary
- -도록: expresses purpose or result (so that, in order to)
- -게 하다: expresses causation (make someone do something)
These grammar points will help you express more complex thoughts and improve your Korean fluency in both writing and conversation.
💬 Practice Korean with Me on italki!
If you want to master intermediate Korean grammar like this, book a lesson with me on italki. We’ll practice expressions in realistic conversations tailored to your level.
Learning to express cause and purpose adds depth to your Korean. The more you practice using -도록 and -게 하다, the more natural your sentences will become. Keep pushing forward! 💪🇰🇷
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